1.1. Basic Features of Microprocessor Based System
1.2. Open Loop and Closed Loop Microprocessor Based System
1.3. Benefits of Microprocessor Based System
1.4. The microcomputer on Instrumentation Design
1.5. Interfacing With Microprocessor
1.5.1. PC Interfacing Techniques
1.5.2. Review of Address Decoding
1.5.3. Memory Interfacing
1.5.4. Programmed I/O, Interrupt Driven I/O and Direct Memory Access (DMA)
2. Parallel Interfacing With Microprocessor Based System (4 hours)
2.1. Methods of Parallel Data Transfer: Simple Input and Output, Strobe I/O, Single Handshake I/O, & Double Handshake I/O
2.2. 8255 as General Purpose Programmable I/O Device and its interfacing examples
2.3. Parallel Interfacing with ISA and PCI bus
3. Serial Interfacing With Microprocessor Based System (6 hours)
3.1. Advantages of Serial Data Transfer Over Parallel
3.2. Synchronous and Asynchronous Data Transfer
3.3. Errors in Serial Data Transfer
3.4. Simplex, Half Duplex, and Full Duplex Data Communication
3.5. Parity and Baud Rates
3.6. Introduction Serial Standards RS232, RS423, RS422
3.7. Universal Serial Bus
3.7.1. The Standards: - USB 1.1 and USB 2.0
3.7.2. Signals, Throughput & Protocol
3.7.3. Devices, Hosts, And On-The-Go
3.7.4. Interface Chips:- USB Device And USB Host
4. Interfacing A/D And D/A Converters (4 hours)
4.1. Introduction
4.2. General Terms Involved in A/D and D/A Converters
4.3. Examples of A/D and D/A Interfacing
4.4. Selection of A/D and D/A Converters Based on Design Requirements
5. Data Acquisition And Transmission (5 hours)
5.1. Analog and Digital Transmission
5.2. Transmission Schemes
5.2.1. Fiber Optics
5.2.2. Satellite
5.2.3. Bluetooth Devices
5.3. Data Acquisition System
5.3.1. Data Loggers
5.3.2. Data Archiving and Storage
6. Grounding And Shielding (3 hours)
6.1. Outline for Grounding and Shielding
6.2. Noise, Noise Coupling Mechanism, and Prevention
6.3. Single Point Grounding and Ground Loop
6.4. Filtering and Smoothing
6.5. Decoupling Capacitors and Ferrite Beads
6.6. Line Filters, Isolators, and Transient Suppressors
6.7. Different Kinds of Shielding Mechanism
6.8. Protecting Against Electrostatic Discharge
6.9. General Rules For Design
7. Circuit Design (3 hours)
7.1. Converting Requirements into Design
7.2. Reliability and Fault Tolerance
7.3. High-Speed Design
7.3.1. Bandwidth, Decoupling, Ground Bounce, Crosstalk, Impedance Matching, and Timing
7.4. Low Power Design
7.5. Reset and Power Failure Detection and interface Unit
8. Circuit Layout (3 hours)
8.1. Circuits Boards and PCBs
8.2. Component Placement
8.3. Routing Signal Tracks
8.3.1. Trace Density, Common Impedance, Distribution of Signals and Return, Transmission Line Concerns, Trace Impedance and Matching and Avoiding Crosstalk.
8.4. Ground, Returns, and Shields
8.5. Cables and Connectors
8.6. Testing and Maintenance
9. Software For Instrumentation And Control Applications (4 hours)
9.1. Types of Software, Selection, and Purchase
9.2. Software Models and Their Limitations
9.3. Software Reliability
9.4. Fault Tolerance
9.5. Software Bugs and Testing
9.6. Good Programming Practice
9.7. User Interface
9.8. Embedded and Real-Time Software
10. Case Study (9 hours)
Examples are chosen from local industrial situations with particular attention paid to the basic measurement requirements, accuracy, and specific hardware employed environmental conditions under which the instruments must operate, signal processing and transmission, output devices:
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