energy environment and society note

To understand the various types of energy sources and their environmental impact. To know the role of engineers in creating a better and responsible society.

1. Technology and Development (3 hours)
   1. Introduction to Technology
   2. Appropriate Technology
   3. Role of Appropriate Technology in the Transformation of Society
   4. Importance of Technology Transfer
   5. Impact of technology on Society
2. Energy Basics (4 hours)
   1. Importance of Energy in achieving Maslow’s hierarchy of Needs, Human Development Index, and Energy Consumption
   2. Current Energy Trends, Demand and Supply of Energy in World and Nepal
   3. Introduction to Global warming, Clean Development Mechanism, and Sustainability Issues
   4. Conventional and Non-Conventional/Renewable Energy Sources
   5. Conventional Energy Sources: Fossil fuel, Nuclear Energy
3. Renewable Energy Sources (14 hours)
   1. Solar Energy
      1. Solar radiation
      2. Solar thermal energy
      3. Solar Cell (Photovoltaic Technology)
   2. Hydropower
      1. Water sources and power
      2. Water turbines and hydroelectric plants
      3. Hydro Power Plant Classification (pico, micro, small, medium, large)
   3. Wind Energy
      1. Availability of Wind Energy sources
      2. Wind turbines, wind parks, and power control
   4. Geothermal Energy
      1. Sources of Geothermal Energy
      2. Uses of Geothermal Energy
   5. Bio-mass and Bio-energy
      1. Synthetic fuels from the biomass
      2. Thermo-chemical, physio-chemical and biochemical conversion
      3. Bio-fuel cells
   6. Hydrogen Energy and Fuel Cell
      1. Basics of electrochemistry
      2. Polymer membrane electrolyte (PEM) fuel cells
      3. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs)
      4. Hydrogen production and storage
      5. Coal-fired plants and integrated gasifier fuel cell (IGFC) systems
4. Environmental Impact of Energy sources (4 hours)
   1. Emission hazard
   2. Battery hazard
   3. Nuclear hazard
5. Energy Storage (3 hours)
   1. Forms of energy storage
   2. Hybrid vehicles
   3. Smart grid systems
   4. Batteries
   5. Super-capacitors

6. Relevant International/national case studies (2 hours)

Marking Scheme:

Unit	Hour	Marks Distribution
1	3	4
2	4	5
3	14	20
4	4	4
5	3	4
6	2	3
Total	30	40